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[121] Aspinwall, interview with author, June 23, 2008. [122] Michael Douglas (Stony Brook University), interview with author, August 20, 2008. [123] Aspinwall, interview with author, June 23, 2008. [124] Gross, interview with author, September 24, 2008. [125] Avi Loeb (Harvard University), interview with author, September 25,2008. [126] American Mathematical Society, “Interview with Heisuke Hironaka,” Notices of the AMS 52, no. 9 (October 2005): 1,015. [127] Steve Nadis, “Cosmic Inflation Comes of Age,” Astronomy (April 2002). [128] Andrew Strominger, “String Theory, Black Holes, and the Fundamental Laws of Nature,” lecture, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass., April 4, 2007. [129] Ibid. [130] Hirosi Ooguri (California Institute of Technology), interview with author, October 8, 2008. [131] Strominger, lecture. [132] Andrew Strominger and Cumrun Vafa, “Microscopic Origin of the Bekenstein-Hawking Entropy,” Physics Letters  379 (June 27, 1996): 99-104. [133] Andrew Strominger, quoted in Gary Taubes, “Black Holes and Beyond,” Science Watch , May/June 1999, http://archive.sciencewatch.com/may-june99/sw_may-june99_page3.htm. [134] Hirosi Ooguri, interview with author, October 8, 2008. [135] Strominger, quoted in Taubes, “Black Holes and Beyond.” [136] Xi Yin (Harvard University), interview with author, October 14, 2008. [137] Ibid. [138] Xi Yin, interview with author, October 22, 2008. [139] Frederik Denef (Harvard University), interview with author, August 26, 2008. [140] Xi Yin, interview with author, October 14, 2008. [141] Aaron Simons, interview with author, February 9, 2007. [142] Ibid. [143] J. M. Maldacena, A. Strominger, and E. Witten, “Black Hole Entropy in M-Theory” Journal of High Energy Physics 9712 (1997), http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/hepth/pdf/9711/9711053vl.pdf. [144] Juan Maldacena (IAS), interview with author, September 4, 2008. [145] Hirosi Ooguri, Andrew Strominger, and Cumrun Vafa, “Black Hole Attractors and the Topological String,” Physical Review D 70 (2004). [146] Cumrun Vafa (Harvard University), interviewwith author, September 26, 2008. [147] James Sparks (Harvard University), interview with author, February 6, 2007. [148] Amanda Gefter, “The Elephant and the Event Horizon,” New Scientist (October 26,2006): 36–39. — 296 —
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